Mdo-smad - area of central Asia inhabited by Tibetans

A-Mdo is also called Mdo-smad, one of three regions into which the area of central Asia inhabited by Tibetans is traditionally divided. During the 7th to 9th centuries, the central Tibetan kingdom was extended until it reached the Tarim Basin on the north, China on the east, India and Nepal on the south, and Kashmir on the west. The newly added dominions to the east and northeast were called Mdo-Khams. The A-mdo region, constituting the northeastern part of ethnic Tibet, reached from the Huang Ho (river) northeastward to Mchod-rten dkarpo (now in Kansu province, China). It passed under Ch'in g (Manchu) control in 1724 following the suppression of a Mongol revolt and was officially incorporated into the Chinese provincial system as part of Tsinghai province in 1928.